This report by the U.S. Department of Energy (August 2020) examined the effects of LED for lighting in terms of energy saved for markets where non-LED technologies were traditionally installed (incandescent, halogen, etc.). Estimates for energy savings if there were 100% penetration of LEDs are presented. As of 2018, indoor penetration of LEDs was about 30% and outdoors was 51%. Indoor penetration was slower than outdoors because of LED light quality aesthetics. About 4 quadrillion BTUs could be saved with 100% LED installation, the analysis projects.
Key words: energy management, controls/sensors, lighting systems/controls